Introduction to CNC Machining

Numerical control (NC) machining refers to a process where a control system issues commands to guide a cutting tool along a predetermined path, using numerical and alphabetical representations to define the shape, dimensions, and technical requirements of the workpiece, as well as the processing technology.

Jan 09,2025

Numerical Control (NC) machining refers to the process of using a control system to issue instructions that guide a cutting tool along a predetermined trajectory. The shape, dimensions, and other technical requirements and processing procedures of the workpiece are represented in numerical and alphabetical form. This machining primarily takes place on NC machine tools, which are computer-controlled machines where the movements and auxiliary actions are controlled by instructions from the NC system.

Basic Concepts of Numerical Control (NC) Machining
NC machining involves using a control system to issue instructions, guiding a cutting tool along a predetermined path. The workpiece's shape, dimensions, technical requirements, and processing methods are represented numerically and alphabetically. An NC machine tool is a computer-controlled machine where movement and auxiliary actions are directed by instructions from the NC system.

Characteristics of Numerical Control (NC) Machining
Concentrated Processes: NC machine tools typically have automatic tool changers and tool magazines; the tool-changing process is automatically controlled by the program, reducing intermediate steps and increasing production efficiency.
High Degree of Automation: NC machine tools do not require manual control of the cutting tool during processing, reducing the skill requirements for operators, minimizing labor intensity, and improving product consistency.
High Flexibility: NC machine tools can process different parts by changing programs, making them highly adaptable to market changes.
High Processing Efficiency: The automatic tool changing and streamlined processing of NC machine tools improve labor productivity.
Application Areas of Numerical Control (NC) Machining
NC machining is widely used in aerospace, automotive, mold manufacturing, and mechanical manufacturing industries. In the aerospace industry, in particular, NC machine tools are used to machine complex aircraft parts and engine components.

Development Trends of Numerical Control (NC) Machining
With technological advancements, NC machining is developing towards higher precision and efficiency. The application of Computer Aided Programming (CAP) and adaptive control systems allows NC machining to continuously adjust processing parameters, further improving efficiency and quality.

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